Adoption A Complex but Rewarding Process free essay sample

A concise portrayal of the American selection process. This paper talks about the methods that embracing guardians need to experience before they are allowed a kid. It looks at changed laws material in specific states just as unique measures and conditions which apply. It takes a gander at reception inside a family because of the deplorability of injurious conditions and furthermore analyzes the expense of private appropriation. Receiving a kid is a significant choice. A planned single parent or couple or family may go to the choice of receiving a kid through a wide range of ways. For example, they may have attempted to have kids and fizzled, or they may have their very own few offspring yet they need to embrace a stranded kid from a poor financial circumstance. Whatever the way to reception, it is a procedure that is overflowing with legitimate prerequisites and snags And obviously, when the kid is embraced, the duties are gigantic. We will compose a custom paper test on Appropriation: A Complex however Rewarding Process or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Yet, at long last, the demonstration of receiving a kid is hugely fulfilling and met embraced guardians consistently spout that the experience and the selection of youngster was groundbreaking.

Analysis of trade directories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Examination of exchange indexes - Essay Example In this paper my prime spotlight would be on the examination of the exchange indexes of two locales Brigg and Scunthorpe, focusing more on the clinical callings and specialists situated in these territories. With the end goal of research I have fundamentally utilized the exchange indexes of the areas Brigg and Scunthorpe and dissected them. In Kelly’s registry of Lincolnshire and Hull the exchange catalog of Brigg is planned in such a way, that first it quickly depicts the geographic area of the district. Expressing its accurate good ways from large urban communities and regions like London and Lincolnshire, the registry in a roundabout way clarifies the significance of Brigg. Brigg as per the index was an angling village however after broad exchange turned into an association and market town.1 The catalog talks about the historical backdrop of Brigg quickly expressing that it had been constrained by a Local Board since 1864 yet towards the finish of the nineteenth century had gone under the immediate control of the Union Direct Council.2 This was the motivation behind why Brigg was given gas and plentiful water saves. The exchange catalog for Brigg likewise centers around the houses of prayer and places of worship found in the zone. There is uncommon notice of St. John’s Cathedral which as indicated by the index is produced using the Gothic Style.3 The registry explicitly makes reference to the expenses related with the structure in remaking and redesign of the Cathedral. Further, the catalog gives the pertinent data about the significant structures in the area. For example it explains on the specific area and the structure of the police building, and the library. Additionally it makes reference to that the business sectors are held each Thursday in the town and the paper is known as the ‘Lincolnshire Star.’4 It is obvious that the exchange index is intended for the individuals who are unconscious of the area of Brigg. This exchange registry fills in as a little pamphlet to the individuals who plan on living in Brigg

Social Problem Free Essays

These days , social issues are intense and we should give more consideration to these issues. As a piece of the network , we ought to be worried about social issues. Consistently we read the paper and get the report from media, pretty much consistently the paper and the media reports are about the social issues. We will compose a custom exposition test on Social Problem or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now A wide range of social issues will show up in our encompassing , however we can't choose not to see and a hard of hearing ear. We have to discover approaches to take care of these social issues so the general public won't be mess request. Social issues are some condition , set of occasions or gathering of people comprises an inconvenient circumstance that should be changed or improved. Social issues resemble time bomb , when it detonate, it will be crazy. Social issues let us live in a compelled circumstance. Today’s society there are an excessive number of instances of social issues, I took a couple of progressively well known guides to clarify in detail. Clarify the social issues at long last how it influences the development of our nation and the methods for forestall to diminish the social issue. Presently, we investigate what social issues are the most mainstream . Right off the bat ,the most widely recognized and the most genuine social issues throughout our life are criminals. Discussing criminals, will make individuals tremble with dread. Hoodlums are not constrained to age, past might be more seasoned foundation criminals, presently both essential and optional schools additionally have a gathering of understudies make an own criminal inside the school. They will expect understudies to pay a security charge , if understudies don't, they will utilize intends to drive understudies pay insurance cash . Hoodlums may terrorizing , badgering and discover somebody to hit the understudy until the understudy ready to pay cash. For whatever length of time that somebody outraged hoodlum chief or sibling, the man must not find a sense of contentment. Criminals will send somebody to give notice and told the man who is the more grounded one. Hoodlums likewise smoking , battling , raise hell and incite others all over the place. In short , they do any awful thing, additionally menace the frail . New groups additionally never lost on the old posse . Next, the groups will make the development of our nation have a negative effect . These will be brought to the network a ton of pointless difficulty and dread. With the goal that the nation would be in a truly unsteady state. Individuals in different nations will be disappointedin our nation, they are hesitant to exchange our nation and the financial will downturn . Just with the goal that our nation is enormously misfortunes and enough to influence the improvement of the nation . In addition , there are a few different ways to forestall the foundation of packs . The initial step is at whatever point you see somebody association packs quickly caution . Second is instructors to advise these children . Additionally let the guardians give more consideration to children’s conduct and patterns ,and more worry for kids . The subsequent issue is roads turned parking lots , in our nation consistently happen the traffic issues particularly during the pinnacle time are frequently car influxes . I frequently believe that our nation truly is such huge numbers of vehicles ? Our nation has numerous open vehicle can ride like transport and LRT . At long last is excessively rich or individuals would prefer not to take the open vehicle with others or they don't need get up right on time to get the transport and LRT . As I would see it , the vast majority of the vehicles are driving one in the working hours . What's more, a family is more than possessing a vehicle . When there is the celebration season , have long lines of vehicles out and about . Individuals are required to go through a large portion of a day in the vehicle ,it’s actually a cerebral pain . Aside from that ,this issue makes our country’s poor notoriety with regards to the transportation. Outsiders assessment of our traffic is low. Influence the positioning of our nation is truly falling behind . This is sufficient to influence our notoriety seriously harmed . Following that ,have a difficult we need to go to settle . The arrangement of a car influx is government can incredibly advance the open vehicle and clarify the benefit of utilizing open vehicle . On the off chance that simply your associates or companions to a similar spot , that essentially driving a vehicle is sufficient or everybody turns driving their own vehicle with a partner or companion . For whatever length of time that individuals are happy to consent , then the issue can be explained . The third issue that I believe should be given more consideration to is unlawful migrant. Illicit outsiders blended the name recommends is that there is no endorsed . Illicit settlers once they are gotten will endure serious discipline or be compelled to exit or leave to nation they are in. In the event that the unlawful foreigners feel that the nation isn't appropriately dealt with, these movement will have the option to sneak into our nation with no dread of being gotten or rebuffed . Our nation has an enormous and significant piece of obligation and furthermore need to guarantee that there are no issues in the nation because of these settlers. Unlawful workers apparently harmless, yet in actuality , it hurt not to be looked downward on little . Their appearance so individuals decrease employments , on the grounds that their low compensations , better productivity and the significant one, they are persevering than individuals in our nation . The other is that they cause a ton of misery and they will burglarize and inconvenience . Numerous social turmoil is made or are cased generally by them . We ought to quickly think about an approach to take care of this issue with the goal that we are getting the security and quietness. The checkpoint staff should carefully manage movement checkpointsand not to let them wade through . Individuals are urgerto give close consideration to dubious individual around and whenever discovered, it must be promptly notifiedto the police . Police and individuals ‘s participation are fundamental and indispensable to get serious about unlawful settlers. The fourth social issue is separate from which occurs in each spot far and wide. There will be a separation as long as there are men , ladies , and wedded . I truly can't make sense of why individuals need a separation and had decided to wed . In spite of the fact that separation is exceptionally simple , yet the marriage isn't child’ s play . Since the first idea of marriage , think about the outcomes of separation , don't motivation terrible all through life . The high separation rate is certifiably not something beneficial for a nation . In the event that the separation rate is higher , for the benefit of the individuals doesn't focus on the perspectives on marriage . Marriage is a sacrosanct thing , numerous individuals have picked early marriage . Thus and cause the separation rate to improve . This nation has given the feeling that marriage is a disappointment , this by and by sabotages the notoriety of the nation . What technique can decrease the separation rate ? It is dependent upon individuals to their own thoughts . Government ought to be approached the individuals to not be too soon marriage , early marriage has a great deal of potential issues . Presently , society troublesome and having a family isn't a simple assignment . Marriage brought forth the youngster , if separate from the kid doesn't have an ideal family condition to develop and will leave to youth shadow . Eventually enduring lone youngster . So , consider it before marriage . The fifth is ecological contamination issues , this is likewise the network most concern . Ecological contamination refersto human released to the earth than its self-refinement limit of substances or vitality , with the goal that the nature of the earth to decrease the wonders of an antagonistic effect on the endurance and advancement of humankind , environments , and property . The most well-known are water contamination , air contamination , and commotion contamination . Water contamination will mischief to human demise and straightforwardly influence the water nature of the drinking water source at that point produce numerous illnesses . Besides , it will oblige monetary advancement on the grounds that the modern utilization of water as a crude material or washing items and legitimately take an interest in the handling of items. Weakening of the water quality will straightforwardly influence the nature of item. Water contamination for human wellbeing , agribusiness , fisheries and other sideline have to a great extent influenced the advancement of the economy! Air contamination will influence the body wellbeing and furthermore the effect of climate and atmosphere . Individuals accept that environmental change may cause an assortment of air contaminations , carbon dioxide has a noteworthy job in . The substance of carbon dioxide in the air as indicated by the present pace of increment proceeds , following various years will make the north and south parts of the bargains dissolving , prompting worldwide atmosphere inconsistencies . Clamor contamination will harm to the knowing about the human body . The more terrible case can cause deafness. Commotion can incite an assortment of maladies . The effect of commotion on rest extraordinary , individuals even in rest , hearing , need to shoulder the clamor boost . It will divert individuals ’ s consideration , prompting inert , weakness , diminished work effectiveness and mistake rate rise . In this way, we should not disparage the significance of these three contamination harmed. It must figure out how to forestall . Counteraction and treatment strategies for all contamination is seriously rebuffed or offer admonition to them . Commotion anticipation measures is to limit the sound decibel worth or utilize sound †engrossing , sound protection , clamor obstruction detachment and different measures . For air contamination is lessening discharges of toxins and afforestation . There is likewise a most significant is to begin with ourselves . Try not to toss squander , the ideal city is everybody ’s obligation . In conclusion , the method for forestalling water contamination is before we drink the water , we bubbled or channel it . We additionally can effectively advance â€Å"clean production† . Clean creation to change the current unreasonable methodsof crude material and vitality utilization , to support feasible creation utilizing non-poisonous items . Obviously , our administration should control our condition . Can't simply verbally consented to without activity on the grounds that ensuring the envir

Jackie Robinson - the Hero of Baseball - Free Essay Example

The film 42 was released in 2013, it is a sports film written and directed by Brian Helgeland about the race segregation and the first African American baseball player Jackie Robinson. It is the PG-13 film. In the paper, I will analyse how film 42 depicts the racial difficulties Jackie Robinson faced during the baseball league and how the negative environment changed to the positive. Due to the increment of black baseball fans, the manager of Brooklyn Dodgers Branch Rickey (Harrison Ford) decided to sign a black baseball player Jackie Robinson (Chadwick Boseman) to make money for him. However, many people around him warned him that he was breaking the rules that no black can play with white. But Branch Rickey still signed Jackie Robinson, he did not noticed these oppose noise. At the beginning of the season, the players in Brooklyn Dodgers refused to play with Jackie Robinson even Jackie showed great talent, because Jackie was black. Branch Rickey was still supported Jackie Robinson, he even would traded the players who did not want to play with Jackie Robinson. During the season, lots of negative news and dirty words throwed to Jackie Robinson, but Jackie Robinson did not give up and replied. Jackie showed true courage and admirable restraint by not reacting the open Racism from outsides. As the time changed, most of the players in Brooklyn Dodgers started to ch ange their views on Jackie Robinson. They were admired by Jackies patient and talent, and started to stand up for him when the audiences and other players said and did some dirty words and actions on Jackie. When Dodgers played against Phillies during the mid of the season, the coach of Phillies Ben Chapman used a lot of dirty and racist words on Jackie Robinson. Ben Chapman did show that how most people react to when a black baseball player plays in the Major League Baseball. Jackie was very angry but he did not do anything, he just walked back to the bench and sat there. Branch Rickey saw that and heard what Ben Chapman said from stand, he said to his secretary Clayde: Its all right. He can take it. God built him to last. (Film 42) When Jackie Robinson stood on the batting area again, Ben Chapman started to be more emotional and kept saying more racist words to Jackie Robinson. Jackie did not hit the ball well, and he just walked out the field into the tunnel. Ben Chapman shouted at his back: Why dontcha look in a mirror? This is a white mans game! (Film 42) It really showed the stereotypes on African Americans, and how stereotypes affect the perception of athletes. The law had been e liminated discrimination against black people long time ago, however, the conceptual discrimination and cultural discrimination against black people were still existed. During the preseason games, Jackie Robinson successful stole the bases and ran to the home to score. Then the police on the field came and told Jackie to get off the field. The coach of the team came and asked why the police wanted to chase Jackie out of the field, the police relied: Because it against the law. Nxxxxx do not play with white boys. Now you get off the field, or go to the jail. We do not allow nxxxxx mix with white boys in this city. (Film 42) The discrimination on blacks still exist, it showed that most people could not accept black players to play in the Major League Baseball. It showed how people react when Branch Rickey decided to sign a black player. His secretary Clayde asked: With all due respect, sir, have you lost your mind? Think about the abuse that you are gonna take from the newspapers, let alone how this is gonna play out in flatbush? No law against it, Clyde. No, but theres a code, You break a law and get away with it, some people think youre smart. You break an unwritten law, youll be an outcast. (Film 42) Most people around Branch Rickey warned him about the media abuse and peoples react, but Branch Rickey did not listen to anyone else. Branch Rickey adhered to his opinion and he found out Jackie Robinson. When he first time met Jackie Robinson, he he was very rude and despise to ask Jackie Robinson if Jackie can control his temper when he faced the anger and the vitriol from others. Jackie replied: You want a player who doesnt have the guts to fight back? No. No. I want a player whos got the guts not to fight back. You gotta have the guts .. to turn the other cheek. Give me a uniform, give me a number on my back, I will give you the guts. (Film 42) Jackie Robinson successfully signed with the Brooklyn Dodgers, however, everytime when Jackie showed up in the stadium, the buzzing and racist words started to throw at Jackie in all directions. The players in Dodgers were very offended when Branch Rickey signed Jackie Robinson. They decided to write a letter to Branch Rickey with all of the players names on it about they did not want to player with Jackie Robinson and Branch Rickey told them if they did not want to play with Jackie Robinson, he would trade them to other teams. Although, the audiences in the stadium, the players in the team and people from outside talked and did very disrespectful, racist words and actions. Jackie Robinson did not reply with his words, he showed his talent to all the people. When Jackie Robinson walked into the tunnels during the games with Phillies, he started to crush his bat and shouted out his voice dissatisfied. He was ireful and wanted to smashed his bat to the head of the Ben Chapman. Branch Rickey showed up, Jackie asked Rickey if he knows what that likes. Branch Rickey replied: You are the one, living the sermons, in the wildness, spent forty days, all of it, only you. (Film 42) Jackie said he could not do anything on that, Rickey said: Of course you can it, you can get out there and hit, you can get on the base and score, you can win this game for us, we need you, everybody need you, you are medicine, (Film 42) If Jackie chose to fight against Chapman, people will not say that Chapman forced him to, people will th ink he is not belong to here. So Branch Rickey helped Jackie to soothe his emotions. Rickey knew that how much pressure Jackie had, and the abuse Jackie suffered, the only thing Rickey can do was to encourage Jackie, helped him to get respect from others. Jackie picked the confident again and walked on the field to batter, when Chapman tried to interfere Jackie with racist words again. Jackies teammate stood up and walked in front of Ben Chapman to let Chapman shut up. Jackies teammates started to stand up, they began to accept Jackie because of the patience of Jackie. Jackie used his action to showed that he is a great player, he scored for Dodgers to win the game. After the game against Phillies, most people thought that Ben Chapman overdid it. As Branch Rickey said: Sympathy. Its a Greek word, means to suffer. I suffer with you. That Phillipida manger, hes doing me a service. Hes creating sympathy on Jackies behalf. And phillipida is also from Greek, it means brotherhood (Film 42) Many people changed their minds on Jackie Robinson and the teammates also accept Jackie. Near the end of the regular season, Dodgers were taking on Cincinnati Reds. Cincinnati fans were giving Robinson a particularly tough time as the Dodgers took the field in the bottom of the first. However, this time, the captain of team, white player Pee Wee Reese came up and put his arms on Jackies shoulder. It silence the crowd because Pee Wee was from that area and he was a all-star player. Pee Wee said to Jackie: We are just here to play ball, I got family over there, I will let them know, know who I am. Maybe tomorrow we all wear 42, so they wont tell us apart. It was so hard to image that the captain, one of the best players in the team, a white man standed up for a black player at that time, in front of his family, in front of his people, to show the fans that the team will support Jackie. Jackie Robinson was the first African American baseball player which played in Major League Baseball, he broke the boundary of the baseball, he is a hero. Many people changed their attitudes from disdain, rude to support and love due Jackies talent and patient .Every teams in MLB retired Jackies number 42 on 1997. He was the first pro athlete in any sport to be so honored, also MLB adopted a new tration, Jackie Robinsons Day on April 15, started in 2004, every player needed to wear number 42 on every team to honor Jackie Robinson.

The True Meaning Of Strength - 948 Words

The True Meaning of Strength The term strength goes beyond its literary word and physical manifestation, and the exploration into the realm of what defines someone as strong, leads to the emergence of three fundamental pillars that convolute together to define what strength is. These three pillars represent the: physical, mental and spiritual aspects of strength. Strength is often overlooked as simply pertaining to the first pillar, which defines a beings physical strength. However, to uncover the genuine essence of strength it is fundamental to search beyond what is flexed on the surface to reveal an intricately complex connotation to the word. Too often strength is solely judged by its first pillar, while the rest are left to crumble away. However, if strength were to only be defined as physical then a chain of perceptual events would occur. Once strength is accepted widely as merely representing the brute force mustered by a being, it is then only praised and valued on that level. Consequently the defining word â€Å"physical† for strength, too often is associate with the word â€Å"masculine† as one of its defining characteristics, which transforms our idea of what strength is and makes it flat instead of three-dimensional. If strength is defined by masculinity, then gender is immediately implied, and society commences to praise men for being strong, and begins to teach young boys that the strength of their muscles is their defining quality, and not the strength of theirShow MoreRelatedMan and Masculinity1029 Words   |  5 Pagesdefines masculinity as â€Å"those qualities conventionally supposed to make a man an excellent specimen†; but what exactly are those qualities? Many would say that physical strength, ability to compete in sports, or even the ability to hold liquor are all parts of masculinity. In ancient Greece, they called this quality andreia, literally meaning â€Å"manliness†. 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The meaning of A as a motif is a recurring concept and idea centering on society and identity. â€Å"She had wanderedRead MoreComparison of the Two Essays The Meaning of a Word and Being a Chink987 Words   |  4 Pages In The Meaning of a Word and Being a Chink, Gloria Naylor and Christine Leong examine words of hatred that are meant to scorn, hurt and disgrace people. But these same words could also be used without harmful intentions and in a fashion of endearment amongst the people those words were created for. They each had a different word to discriminate their different culture and ethnicity. These writers discuss the words nigger and chink, which are words in our language mostly ignorant peopleRead MoreStatistics : A Important Application For Psychology778 Words   |  4 Pagesassumption it is true. The significance level in psychological research is usually set to 0.05%. The p-value is the measurement, when assuming the null hypothesis is true, of an observable effect. 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We are well suited to finding (and noticing) these things as well and we often do not notice items that would contradict a confirmed belief (Marshik, 2015). Therefore, concerning learning sty les, humans are prone to seeing evidenceRead MoreHuman Conscience And Destiny In Oedipus The King By Sophocles1447 Words   |  6 Pages Among the Greek tragedies, there can probably be found something deeper and more elaborate, than â€Å"Oedipus the King† by Sophocles, but there is not a single one, in which the philosophical depth and tragic strength would be combined with such incomparable sophistication, noble grace and structural perfection. The image of a monstrous Sphinx with the face of a woman, wings, sharp claws, the body of a lion and mysteriously dangerous speech penetrates the whole tragedy as an incorporation of destiny

Effectiveness of Motivational Theories in Motivating Low Status Employ

Question: Discuss about theEffectiveness of Motivational Theories in Motivating Low Status Employees. Answer: Introduction Performance of workers in organizations highly depends on the level of motivation of employees. In workplaces where the level of morale is low, the performance level is also low while high motivation level attracts high performance. Majority of the motivational theories applied in organizations target at appealing the psychology of individuals, which is dependent on the level of social status they hold. Among the low-status employees, the effectiveness of the motivational theories highly depends on their ability to highlight their needs, which include financial obligations, job security, and sense of belonging. Maslows Theory One of the motivational theories that an organisation can use in order to motivate its low-status employees is the Maslows Hierarchical theory. The effectiveness of this theory depends on the managements ability to identify and classify the needs of the employees working in the low status levels. According to Maslows theory, everyone has needs (Jerome, 2013, p39). These needs vary thereby causing there to be different levels of needs. The methods of motivation used on each individual should therefore vary depending on ones level of needs. If the management places an employee in the wrong level of needs, he or she will not be motivated enough to yield the results that was expected (Kaur, 2013, p1062). In the case of low status employees, if the management decides to use the motivational strategies appropriate for employees in the self-actualization level of needs such as increasing their responsibility, the method would be ineffective. The employees would feel oppressed as what they r equire most is money to meet their basic needs. Instead of the strategy leading to increased productivity, it would lead to increased complains and workers strikes. However, increasing their basic salary would motivate the employees to work hard thus increased profitability in the organisation. In order to ascertain that there is increased effectiveness of the Maslows theory in increasing motivation amongst low status employees, organisations managements should aim to meet the needs of people in the psychological and safety needs. Theory X and Theory Y Organisations can further use Theory X and Theory Y to motivate their employees. While Theory Y states that people have a need to work and thus they do not require to be pushed in order to work effectively (Ovidiu-Iliuta, 2013, p56). Theory X on the other hand argues that every employee needs to be pushed, threatened and supervised in order to work hard (Ovidiu-Iliuta, 2013, p56). The effectiveness of this theory is thus dependent on the ability of the management team to identify the category that the low status employees belong. The two theories cater for two groups of employees; those that need to be pushed in order to motivate them to complete their work as well as those that require to be assigned more responsibilities in order to be motivated (Kopelman, 2008, p255). When the management fails to identify the appropriate theory for the low status employees, they risk using the wrong theory, which would lead to continued low productivity. Low status employees are in most cases in t he category of employees that need to be pushed, thus theory X is applicable to them. However, the assumption that every low status employee needs to be pushed and punished in order to be motivated is often incorrect and may lead to an organisation losing some hardworking employees. In cases where the employees need to be motivated using incentives and appreciation, this theory is inappropriate and may be a source of demoralization instead of a motivating factor. Cognitive Evaluation Theory The cognitive evaluation theory is based on the argument that motivation can either be intrinsic or extrinsic (Van den Bos Van Prooijen, 2002, p616). The effectiveness of this theory is therefore dependent on the managements ability to identify if the low status employees require either extrinsic motivation or intrinsic motivation. Those that require intrinsic motivation are highly demoralised when the management uses extrinsic methods (Van den Bos Van Prooijen, 2002, p618). Although they may not reject the rewards given, the methods lead to a decrease in their productivity thus making the theory ineffective. This is similar to those that are motivated through extrinsic methods (Fehr Falk, 2002, p700). They also do not feel motivated when the management uses intrinsic methods. When the theory is used and the right methods used to motivate the right group, the employees are happy and the organisation is able to record increased productivity. In most of the cases, the management ass umes that all low status employees are motivated extrinsically. The assumption is not always correct, a fact that decreases the effectiveness of the theory since the wrong motivation methods are used. In order to increase the effectiveness of this theory therefore, the management needs to identify the appropriate motivational methods for each of the low status employees and use them on each of them. This may however end up being very expensive for the company. McClelland Theory Acquired Needs Theory David McClelland developed the Needs theory, a motivational theory that is applicable in organizations today. According to the theory, managers have to learn the characteristics of their employees in order to identify what drives them. McClelland divided the needs among the workers into three categories, which are achievement, affiliation, and power (Robbins Judge, 2007, p134). These needs act as dominant motivators. The type of need among individuals is dependent on experiences and culture. Most low-status individual fall under the categories of achievement and affiliation. One of the characteristics of this category of workers is that they have an urge to become more. They focus on a future that is better in terms of the financial aspect, health, living conditions, position in the society, and position in the workplace, among others (Ovidiu-Iliuta, 2013, p55). Therefore, in the workplace, this category of workers is driven by the dominating need of achievement. Thus, they desire to accomplish goals that are challenging through taking calculated risks. The managers not only need to assign them tasks that are out of their comfort zone, but also monitor their progress to give them adequate progress that would boost them towards achieving. Another category of low-status employees whose main drive is affiliation also exists. Such employees like to play it safe to reduce the chances of losing their jobs since they have an inclination to cater for their financial needs. Such people develop links with other employees to not only develop a sense of belonging but increase their job security. For example, through collaboration, they would shoulder each other against competition, which could result to loss of jobs for those whose performance is low. The managers, in this category, allocate duties to groups of people with the necessary expertise, hence reducing the exposure to high risk. Alderfers ERG Theory This theory argues that the human needs have three categories namely the growth needs, the relatedness theory and the existence theory (Yang, Hwang Chen, 2011, p7885). The effectiveness of this theory is dependent on the ability of the management team of an organization to fulfil all the needs of the employees in the low status jobs as they arise. The management team has the responsibility of finding out the needs the employees have and strategizing on how to meet these growing needs. Every employee has needs that develop as others are satisfied (Caulton, 2012, p2). The methods of motivating the low status employees change depending on the change of the needs that they have to meet. Most of the employees start working in the low status jobs because of the need to meet their basic needs. However, as soon as these needs are met, the urge to satisfy social and growth needs increases. If the management continues to use the motivational methods meant for people that urgently need to sati sfy their basic needs, it may demoralize them and push them into searching for job opportunities that will meet their growth and relatedness needs (Arnolds Boshoff, 2002, p700). Hertzbergs Theory Herzbergs theory of motivation presents two sets of factors that influence the motivation of workers in an organization. While the motivational factors target at improving the employee morale, the hygiene factors aim at reducing the elements that would reduce the level of motivation among the workers. The factors vary depending on the social status of employees (Robbins Judge, 2007, p156). For example, where among the high-status workers policies and working conditions could act as sources of dissatisfaction, the low-income group is more focused on the presence of a salary. According to the study of Danis et al. (2007, p1656), which evaluates the choice of employment benefits related to health among the low-income employees, it is evident that the preference of the low status workers is financial security, then job retention, and finally health benefits. Although the results only reflect preference of health-promoting benefits, one can relate it to the inclinations employees have in the workplace. For example, these workers main concern is salary, monetary awards, and job security. Evidently, the hygiene factors are of more importance than the motivational factors. The major hygiene factors that the managers could focus on are salary, job security and high quality supervision to assure high quality of work. Nonetheless, motivational factors such as recognition and involvement in decision making would inspire the workers to work towards attainment of organizational goals. Equity Theory Organisations also use the Adams equity theory of motivation to ensure that they keep the low status employees motivated. The theory suggests that the management should ensure that they reward employees with both tangible and intangible rewards for their input in the organisation (Al-Zawahreh Al-Madi, 2012, p158). The rewards should be directly proportional to the input. The effectiveness of this motivational theory is therefore dependent on the managements ability to measure the input of the employees. Most of the input that the theory recommends be assessed may be difficult to measure as there are no machines that can complete the assessments. The success of the assessment is therefore dependent on the managements observation abilities. If they fail to observe and record the input of some employees in a given capacity, it may lead to demoralization of the low status employees and thus failure of the theory (Tudor, 2011, p98). The effectiveness of the theory is further dependent on the managements ability to develop an accurate rewarding system. Different low status employees may put in different types of input, for example, one may demonstrate loyalty to the company while another may make personal sacrifices. Although the input is different, they all deserve to be rewarded fairly in order to increase motivation amongst the employees. When the rewarding system seems unfair to the employees, they are demoralized and reduced productivity is recorded (Bell Martin, 2012, p110). Expectancy Theory This theory is also used by organisations to motivate low status employees. The theory argues that motivation is a choice that is dependent on what employees expect in terms of whether the set goal is achievable, whether there are rewards for achieving the goal and the value of the reward to the employees (Wigfield Eccles, 2000, p68). One of the factors that determine the effectiveness of the theory is the achievability of the set goals. The employees could feel that the set goal is unachievable and thereby be demoralized from working towards achieving it. In order to increase the effectiveness of the theory therefore, the management should ensure that it sets achievable goals in order to motivate the employees to increase their productivity. The effectiveness of this theory is further dependent on the value of the reward to the employees. If the management gives a reward that is considered to be of low value to the low status employees, then the theory fails to be effective in moti vating the employees (Van Eede Thierry, 1996, p578). The effectiveness of the theory further depends on the assurance to the employees that they will receive an award when they achieve the set goals. If the employees are not sure that they will be awarded, then their motivation is decreased thereby causing the theory to be ineffective. Organisations that use this theory can increase its effectiveness by ensuring that it sets achievable goals and promises awards that are valuable to the concerned employees. Conclusion In conclusion, the effectiveness of employee motivational theories varies depending on how the management of an organisation implements the theories. It is important for the management of organisations to ensure that it understands all the aspects of the motivational theories that it chooses to use. This is important because it helps them ascertain that they include every aspect of the motivational theory in their strategic plan thus managing to utilize it fully and yield positive results. Bibliography Al-Zawahreh, A. Al-Madi, F. 2012. The utility of Equity Theory in enhancing organizational effectiveness. European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences, 46, 158-170. Van den Bos, K. Van Prooijen, J. 2002. Referent cognitions theory: The psychology of voice depends on closeness of reference points. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 81, 616-626. Yang, C., Hwang, M. Chen, Y. 2011. An empirical study of the existence, relatedness and growth (ERG) theory in consumers selection of mobile value-added services. African Journal of Business Management, 5(19), 7885-7898. Danis, Marion et al. 2007. Low-income employees choice regarding employment benefits aimed at improving the socioeconomic determinants of health. Am J Public Health, 97(9), 1650-1657, [Online], Doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2006.091033 Jerome, Nyameh. 2013. Application of the Maslows hierarchy of need theory; impacts and implications on organizational culture, human resource and employees performance. International Journal of Business and Management Invention, 2(3), pp39-45. Ovidiu-Iliuta, Dobre. 2013. Employee motivation and organizational performance. Review of Applied Socio-Economic Research, 5(1), pp53-60. Robbins, Stephens and Judge Tim. 2007. Organizational behavior. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Tudor, T. 2011. Motivating employees with limited pay incentives using equity theory and the fast food industry as a model. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(23), 95-101 Bell, R. Martin, J. 2012. The relevance of scientific management and equity theory in everyday managerial communication situations. Journal of Management Policy and Practice, 13(3), 106-115. Caulton, J. 2012. The development and use of the Theory of ERG: A literature review. Emerging Leadership Journeys, 5(1), 2-8. Arnolds, C. Boshoff, C. 2002. Compensation, esteem valence and job performance: an empirical assessment of Alderfers ERG Theory. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 13(4), 67-719. Wigfield, A. Eccles, J. 2000. Expectancy-Value Theory of achievement motivation. Contemporary Education Psychology, 25, 68-81. Van Eede, W. Thierry, H. 1996. Vrooms expectancy models and work related criteria: A Meta analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology. 81(5), 575-586. Fehr, E. Falk, A. 2002. Psychological Foundations of Incentives. European Economic Review, 46, 687-724. Kopelman, R. 2008. Douglas McGregors Theory X and Y: Toward a construct valid measure. Journal of Managerial Issues, 20(2), 255-271. Kaur, A. 2013. Maslows need hierarchy theory: Applications and criticisms. Global Journal of Management and Business Studies, 3(10), 1061-1064.

s In The Closet.

Free Essays on Skeleton\'s In The Closet. Skeletons in the closet It is the year 2112 and the incurable ‘kills all’ disease plagues the world. The disease attacks all forms of life and has spread at such a fast rate that nobody has been able to find a cure. Scientists attempting to find a cure for the disease are more susceptible to catching the disease; this has caused mass hysteria, especially in what remains of the United States of America. People are confined to sealed buildings and old bomb shelters, as the disease has not yet been reported to pass through solid walls. The disease however can pass through cracks in walls having a devastating effect, as it wipes out the large numbers of people that have packed into the building or shelter in a matter of minutes. Human, animal and plant numbers as halved since the outbreak a few days ago, and it seems that even if people keep hiding they will be avoiding the inevitable as at this rate the disease will wipe out human food resources in a matter of days. The wacky President of what was left of the United States of America, George Bush VIII, in light of the crisis promises a large reward to anyone who would free the world from this plague. As nobody can get near to finding a cure before meeting their untimely death since the President’s announcement, President George Bush VIII upped the stakes. The President announced that he would grant the Nobel Peace Prize, fame, fortune and marriage to Super-Galactic-Model Neptula Smith, (who had volunteered for the cause as part of her Charity for the Galaxy Appeal) to the person who would rid the world of the ‘kills all’ disease. Two brothers, Fred and Bob Jones, in the ruined state of Tennessee caught word of the rewards offered for the cure to the ‘kills all’ disease and decided, seeing as they were MAD scientists to start work on the project despite the daunting fact that there was a great possibility that they would die, as had other great scientists of the day. Fre...

The Best Way to Approach the ACT Reading Passage

The Best Way to Approach the ACT Reading Passage SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Last year the average Reading score on the ACT was 21.3. With a strategic approach to reading the passages quickly and efficiently, you should be able to break away from this average and boost your scores! Let's review what you'll see on the ACT Reading section and then talk about the most efficient way to read the passages and answer the questions with time to spare. Types of Passages on ACT Reading There are four sections within Reading with passages from the humanities, natural sciences, social studies, and literary fiction. Usually these sections each have one long passage, but occasionally you might also encounter two shorter passages. All of the passages areprose, so you don't have to worry about interpreting poetry or anything too experimental orsubjective. Passages in these fields might draw from these subtopics: Humanities: architecture, art, dance, ethics, film, language, literary criticism, music, philosophy, radio, television, and theater. Social studies: anthropology, archaeology, biography, business, economics, education, geography, history, political science, psychology, and sociology. Natural sciences: anatomy, astronomy, biology, botany, chemistry, ecology, geology, medicine, meteorology, microbiology, natural history, physiology, physics, technology, and zoology. Literary fiction: short stories, novels, memoirs, and personal essays. The passage-based questions that follow each reading are meant to test certain skills of analysis and reading comprehension. Skills Tested On the ACT Reading According to the ACT, you're expected to use referring and reasoning skills to determine main ideas locate and interpret significant details (sometimes the question will refer you to a specific line, but other times you'll have to track down the detail yourself) understand sequences of events make comparisons (you'll especially see these questions if you have two short passages instead of one longer passage) comprehend cause-effect relationships determine the meaning of words, phrases, and statements in context (these are usually straightforward, but you should understand how they function in context) draw generalizations analyze the author's or narrator's voice and method In order to test these skills, the ACT Reading will ask you 6main types of questions.(I know we're going through background, but stay with me - this is important to understand why my reading strategy works. We'll talk about the actual reading strategy very soon). Types of ACT Reading Questions The Reading section asks you 40 questions in 35 minutes. These questions might test your understanding of what was directly stated in the passage or what various lines implied. For examples of each question type from official ACT questions, check out this detailed breakdown of the ACT Reading section.To give a quick review, these are the 6main types of Reading questions you'll encounter: Main idea - the main point or theme of the passage. Detail - usually refers directly to a line in the text and asks what it means or how it functions. Vocabulary - vocabularywords are usually straightforward, but they might be used in an unusual way in context. Development - how are ideas arranged within the passage? Implied ideas - these are inference questions. While this might seem subjective, there will only be one unambiguously correct answer. Voice - what is the author or narrator's tone, style, attitude, or perspective? You can see how these types of questions link directly to the skills tested. By asking what the author's tone is, for example, a question tests your ability to analyze an author's voice or method. In addition to studying literary terms, you should practice locating evidence within text that directly supports your answer. All of this might sound like a tall order in only 35 minutes! The biggest challenge lots of students have on the Reading section is simply getting through all the passages and questions in time. So how can you read the passages for understanding without wasting time that you could be using to answer questions? Let's dive in. How to Read the Passages Prepping for the ACT is incredibly helpful for many reasons. One is that it allows you to try out a few different strategies and figure out which one works best for you. I'll present a few options forreading the passages that work wellfor most students. Then you can determine which option you prefer. Let's take a look at how to read the passages, step by step. Step 1 All students should quickly read the introductory line or blurb at the beginning of the passage. This introduction will tell you where the passage is from and who the author is. Right away you can gain a sense of the passage's context, which is helpful for understanding its main purpose. In an excerpt taken from a textbook called Introduction to Psychology, for example, you can infer that the writing will most likely be informational, academic, objective, and explanatory. Be cautious about making assumptions before you even start reading - instead, use the blurb to inform you, while remaining open-minded about the passage's content and meaning. After this first step, you might jump right into reading the passage. Other students choose to lookover the questions first before reading. Let's consider both of these options as part of Step 2. Step 2 Students differ in what they feel is their best reading strategy. I'll present the options in terms of what I think works best for the largest number of people. In my eyes, Option C, while preferred by some, can be a time waster that's not as effective as the first two methods. Option A: Read the Questions First, then Skim the Passage Second With this option, you start byreading over the questions before reading the passage. This way you'll have a sense of what content you're looking for, and you can read with a discerning eye. If questions refer to any specific lines within the passage, then make a mark on the passage next to that line so you'll know to pay attention to it when you read. As for the main point or general purpose questions, circle those and leave them for last, after you've had time to read the passage, process it, and pick it apart with some other, more detail-oriented questions first. In this example(click to see detailed PDF), I circled questions 31, 33, and 39, because they ask about main ideas and main purposes. Question 33 is just asking about the purpose of a paragraph, so I made a mark by Paragraph 4 and noted "main purpose." I underlined and marked specific line references, as well as the important points of each question. This helps indicate that you shouldbe on the lookout while skimming for information about "female eels' pupils" and "larvae found by Schmidt." Once you've marked the passage and questions, you can go ahead and read through the passage quickly. Don't do a close reading intent on understanding every line. Instead, skim the passage, paying particular attention to the last line of the first paragraph (usually the thesis), the introductory sentences of paragraphs, and the conclusion.It's also helpful to watch out for transition words that mark a continuation of or shift in ideas, like "furthermore" or "however." In my opinion, this is the best strategy for reading the passages, since it eliminates the potential to waste time on unimportant parts of the passage. While you might enjoycurling up with a good book at home and getting lost in the story, the ACT Reading does not leave time for close, intensive reading. This approach helps you pick outthe important details and streamline your time management. Let's take a look at the second option for Step 2, which a lot of students swear by, as well. Option B: SkimthePassage First, then Read the Questions Second Some students find it distracting to glance over the questions before reading. They prefer to skim the passage first and then look at the questions, once they have a sense of its content, structure, and purpose. In this approach, the same rules of skimming as described above still apply, and you can still mark up the passage once you start working to help yourself locate important details and ensure that you have evidence to back up your answers. To figure out which approach you prefer, I recommend trying both with timed practice tests. After scoring your tests and reflecting on how well it worked for you, you can decide if you're more focused and relaxed reading the questions first or the passage first. The third option for Step 2 is my least favorite, because I don't think it's a particularly efficient way to approach the passages. Option C: Read the Passage Closely In this third option, you might do a close reading of the passage, rather than skimming it for important points. Then you'd go on to read and answer the questions. I feel this option not only wastes time, but also does not reflect the purpose of the Reading section, which, whether you like it or not, involves speed and efficiency. You only have about 52 seconds per question, less if you include the time you spent reading, so most students are better off skimming and then going back to look for concrete evidence once they start filling in answers. Now let's take a look at Step 3, which is a bit more straightforward. Step 3 Simply put, this is where you start answering the questions. Even if you chose Option B in Step 2, it's helpful to answer the detail and line specific questions first and leave the general purpose questions for the end. It's also helpful to come up withyour own answer to a question before looking at the four answer choices. They might confuse you by all sounding plausible. If you have a sense of what the correct answer is right off the bat, then you can look for it in the answer choices. If you're not sure about the answer after reading the answer choices, you should try to use process of elimination to locate the right answer. While the ACT might word questions like they're open to interpretation, they are not. There is only ever one 100% correct answer choice. If you find yourself overthinking or over-rationalizing an answer choice, it's probably not the correct one. Some wording that can make you start overthinking are questions like, The author would most likely agree with... In line 15, 'intense'most nearly means... This sample ACT question, for example, tries to sound open to interpretation, but it's really only got one correct answer. Which of the following most nearly paraphrases Helen Hunt Jackson's statement to Emily Dickinson that "it is wrong to the day you live in, that you will not sing aloud" (lines 35-36)? A. It is morally reprehensible of you not to let other poets read your work.B. It is unacceptable for you to continue writing; you should become a singer.C. It is stingy and wrong of you not to read out loud to those who like your work.D. It is unfair to this age that you do not share your poetry with the world. The answer here is D, based on other information from the passage to which it refers, as well as the line itself: "it is wrong to the day you live in." The "day you live in" is reflected in "this age" in answer D. While F and H seem plausible, they don't incorporate this reference to the age, time, or era of the day. In this case, the process of elimination could help you narrow down your answer choices until you hone in on the correct one, or, if need be, make your best guess. After reading and answering the questions, what's your final step in completing the Reading section of the ACT? Step 4 Rather than going back and forth between your test booklet and bubble sheet, it can save time to answer the questions in your test booklet and then transfer them to the bubble sheet. I would recommend doing this in chunks after you complete the set of questions abouteach passage. Make sure to keep an eye on time, though - you wouldn't want to run out of time having answers in your test booklet that you haven't marked on the answer sheet yet. If you're struggling with timing, you might consider starting with the passages you feel most confident about, whether it's natural sciences, social studies, humanities, or literary fiction, and answering those questions first. That way you can get through more questions faster. However, don't let a time saver become a time waster! This strategy is only worth it if you can go straight to your preferred passage and get working, but not if you're spending time looking over the passages simply to arrange them in order from easiest to hardest. With these four steps of approaching the Reading passages, you should be able to get more and more efficient at reading, locating evidence, and zero-ing in on correct answers. Read on for a few moretips for conquering the Reading section of the ACT. Tips and Strategies for ACT Reading Just as you're strategic about how to read the passages, you also want to tackle the questions with a set of strategies. These tips are ones that students have found to be the most helpful as they work their way through the ACT Reading section. First, and perhaps least obvious, your mindset, or how you think and feel about the Reading section, can actually have a big impact on your performance. Cultivatea Positive Mindset You know how if you're bored in a class, it's a struggle to pay attention to the lecture or plod your way through the work? Stress and anxiety can also put up obstacles to learning, actually using up your mental energy so it's not available to comprehend the task at hand. On the opposite side, if you're really intrigued by a lesson or activity, you feel engaged and like it flies by. You also actually absorb the information or practice much more efficiently, because you're personally involved in it. As an added bonus, you're also having fun. It might seem like wecan't control what welike and what wedon't like, but this is actually not entirely true. We have a good deal of control over shaping our thoughts, feelings, and mindset, which is a skill we can develop through practice, like any other. So how does this idea about our own psychology relate to the Reading section of the ACT? If you can approach the passages with a mindset of open and genuine interest in what information they have to teach you, then you'll be able to both read more efficiently, process faster, and retain more information. Whether it's an excerpt from a psychology book, a science article, or a Charlotte Bronte book, it can teach you some lesson from social studies, natural sciences, humanities, or literary fiction. So approach the passages with a proverbial smile on your face, and you'll probably find that the more you prep, the more interested in (and skilled at understanding) the passages you'll become. Apart from taking control of your attitude and mindset, let's discuss a few more technical strategies for answering the Reading questions. The following section expands on the importance of using process of elimination to hone in on the right answer choice. Use Process of Elimination In an ideal situation, you might read the question, know exactly what the answer is, and have it jump out at you from the answer choices. However, this usually isn't the case, especially in inference questions where the answer choices might be harder to predict. Setting out to eliminate wrong answers can help you locate the correct one. As mentioned earlier, there will only ever be one 100%, unambiguously correct answer choice. The others are designed to sound plausible, but they will all have some error of logic or factual inaccuracy. Some common errors in answer choices include being far too specific, much too broad, presenting a relationship in reversed order, or just presenting a totally unrelated concept. Often, extreme concepts or words like "always" or "never" in an answer choice also don't signal that it's the correct answer. Let's look again at the Emily Dickinson sample question I posted above. Which of the following most nearly paraphrases Helen Hunt Jackson's statement to Emily Dickinson that "it is wrong to the day you live in, that you will not sing aloud" (lines 35-36)? A. It is morally reprehensible of you not to let other poets read your work.B. It is unacceptable for you to continue writing; you should become a singer.C. It is stingy and wrong of you not to read out loud to those who like your work.D. It is unfair to this age that you do not share your poetry with the world. As you saw, the correct answer is D. But why are A, B, and C wrong? Answer choice A might fall into the too specific category, as Helen Hunt Jackson does not refer specifically to "other poets." It also represents an extreme in a way with its term, "morally reprehensible." This expresses an extreme sentiment that is not present in the original quote. Answer B, if you read the rest of the passage and have some sense of who Emily Dickinson was - an introverted, even reclusive poet - presents an unrelated concept. Just as you will be determining words in context, here you should discern that "sing aloud" is a poetic turn of phrase, not to be interprted literally. Finally, Answer C, like Answer A, is too extreme. It might seem like the most likely answer choice after D, as the original quote does use the word "wrong." However, Jackson says nothing about Dickinson's stinginess, and the rest of the passage shows that Answer C is too specific. Jackson is not referring only to "those who like your work," but to the entire "day," or time period, in which they live. Process of elimination becomes especially important when you've wavering between answer choices and have to root out the right one - a common scenario on the ACT Reading. Next time you try some sample questions or a practice test, don't just look forthe right answer. Ask yourself why the other answer choices are wrong. This approach will eventually become second nature, and you'll have a deeper understanding of how ACT Reading questions are commonly structured. Plus you'll have a solid defense against trickyanswer choices designed to distractyou. A second strategy that you should use specifically when answering questions is locating specific evidence within the text to support your answers. Locate Specific Evidence Just as you want to eliminate wrong answer choices, you also want to back up your answers with specific evidence from the passage. This is likely in line with your English teachers' mantra of, "Use supporting evidence!" Don't just rely on intuition. Pretend that someone will put you on trial about your answer choice, and you'll have to defend it and prove it to the jury with the most foolproof evidence you've got. With detail and line-specific questions, this is usually a pretty easy task. The questions themselves will usually point you back to a specific word or line. Even with inference questions, though, you can use this same approach. They are never actually that subjective. If they were, then the ACT scorers would have a lot of controversy on their hands. There can only be one correct answer, and this is taken directly from the passage itself. Along withlocating evidence as you study, you should also locate and analyze key literary terms. "Constant vigilance!" Develop your Mad Eye Moody-worthy critical eye. Study and Practice Key Literary Terms In addition to practicing your reading comprehension, you also want to make sure you understand and are able to determine key literary terms like theme, style, tone, imagery, symbolism, simile, metaphor, irony, foreshadowing, and hyperbole, to name a few. Obviously, you can't answer a question about an author's tone if you're not really sure what that is. However, studying definitions will only take you so far. A passage is not going to directly state that an author's tone is playful, condemning, or encouraging. Through practice questions, make sure you can interpret tone, foreshadowing, or the way a phrase like "sing aloud" is symbolic for sharing your poetry with the world. Finally, all of these tips are only helpful if you have the time and motivation to study and prep. Be a Self-Studier Practice, practice, and practice some more. Through studying, you can figure out your reading strengths and weaknesses, what you need to learn, and what's your best approach for reading the passages. You can improve at managing your time and figuring out how to pace yourself between the four passages. Especially if English is your strong subject or you're intending to study the humanities or social sciences in college, you want to demonstrate your skills with a strong score in this section. Even if you're not a humanities person, you want to demonstrate to colleges that you have college-level reading skills and will be able to succeed academically once you get to campus. With focused and customized test prep, you can ensure that you have the skills you'll need and are familiar with exactly what you're going to encounter on the Reading section. To Sum Up... Understanding the types of passages and questions on the ACT Reading will help you develop a critical eye and a strategic approach. Overall, I'd say that skimming is preferable to a close, line by line reading, which really isn't necessary for answering questions correctly. You should take practice tests and figure out what strategy works best for you. Then continue prepping while timing yourself to get better and better at pacing and finishing all the questions within the short, 35 minute period.Using process of elimination, supporting your answers with specific evidence, and being comfortable with literary terms are also key skills for performing well on the ACT Reading. The key word here is practice. Practice reading, practice answering questions, practice skimming and marking up questions and passages fast and efficiently. With all this practice, you'll continue to improve until test day arrives and you can show off your ACT Reading skills and achieve your target score. What's Next? Get started studying with an ACT Question of the Day. If you start early enough, these questions will add up and help you customize your study plan to target your weaknesses and make the most of your strengths. Are you looking for official practice tests? We've gathered printable official ACT practice tests that you can download and print here. What is your target score? Read about what makes a good score on the ACT, how you can achieve it, and how to set your target scores for each section. Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically.

The Impact of Web Analytics on E-Commerce Essay

The Impact of Web Analytics on E-Commerce - Essay Example Managers are also able to establish what customers need, understand the business environment and make informed decisions to boost business performance. At the technological, organizational, operations and management levels, web analytics has tremendous impacts. Technology has made web analytics possible and effective. With the help of modern technologies, organizations have achieved great goals with web analytics. The paper discusses web analytics and its impacts on the organization on various fronts. The Impact of Web Analytics on E-Commerce from Each of the Following Perspectives: Management, Technology, and Organizational Web Analytics Web analytics is a general term that entails the study of the effects of Websites on the users (Hasan and Polya 2009, p814). Harinath et al. (2011, p118) defines web analytics as the web data analysis. In other words, the business intelligence permits analyst to have an insight of web-based businesses such as customer support and e-commerce. Web ana lytics permits an individual to recognize consumer behaviour and identify general trends on sales so that the business can personalize its services for the consumers and increase their satisfaction levels. With web analytics, the business can understand how well its online, content, and products processes are functioning (Harinath et al. 2011, p118). The process of getting web data and creating a data warehouse entails collection of data, which is, getting data from commercial enterprises, third-party sources, campaign advertising, and web logs. It also involves the transformation of data, that is, making the existing log data useful and relating it to the company’s campaign advertising, third party, and commercial data sources. It also entails reporting of data, which is, publishing and storing the data in a meaningful way such that the directors and analysts can comprehend what they are reading (Harinath et al. 2011, p119). The main aim of web analytics is to transform data collected from various sources to get a meaningful intelligence concerning the company’s website. It entails the process of storing, analyzing, filtering, and collecting commerce, click-stream, and third-party data. The click-stream BI situations range from designing the web site better, understanding the navigation patterns, and comprehending what the users search to personalize the recommendations (Harinath et al. 2011, p118). Currently, e-commerce companies or organizations make use of web analytics software to evaluate actual details. These details include the number of people visiting their site, the number of visitors who are unique, â€Å"how they came to the site, what keywords they searched with on the site’s search engine, how long they stayed on a given page or on the entire site, what links they clicked on, and when they left the site† (Hasan and Poyla 2009, p814). Web analytic software is also utilized in monitoring if the pages on the site are wor king appropriately. With such information, the administrators are capable of determining the popular site areas and areas within the site that are not getting traffic. The administrators then use the data collected to streamline the site in a manner, which creates the best experience (Hasan and Poyla 2009, p814). E-commerce is done through the email and the World Wide Web. Television, radio, print media, web banners, and emails are among the common means

Structure and Development of Victorian (VELS) Curriculum Essay

Structure and Development of Victorian (VELS) Curriculum - Essay Example The Victorian Essential Learning Standards (VELS) outline what is important for all Victorian students to learn and develop during their time at school from Prep to Year 10. They provide a set of common state-wide standards which schools use to plan student learning, assess student progress and report to parents† (What are the Victorian Essential Learning Standards?, 2009) This paper is briefly analyses the structure and Development of Victorian (VELS) Curriculum The VELS has total six levels classified into two categories; primary school level and secondary school level. Level 1 – Preparatory, Level 2 (Years 1 and 2), Level 3 (Years 3 and 4) and Level 4 (Years 5 and 6) are the primary school levels whereas Level 5 (Years 7 and 8) and Level 6 (Years 9 and 10) are secondary school levels as per the VELS system. All the levels except the preparatory level, assumes to be completed in two years as per this curriculum structure. â€Å"The Victorian Framework is designed to assist families and early childhood professional to guide children’s learning and development from birth to 8 years of age.   It links the five learning outcomes from the national Early Years Learning Framework (0 – 5) with   the learning and teaching in the first stages of the Victorian school curriculum – the Victorian Essential Learning Standards (VELS) from ages 5 to 8 years. It outlines ways to support children’s transitions into and between early childhood education and care and school† (Victorian Early Years Learning and Development Framework: Birth to 8 years (VEYLDF 0-8)) The curriculum is further divided mainly into three brad areas based on the teaching subjects like Physical, Personal and Social Learning. The aim of such classification of curriculum is to achieve a balance between the education, work and life. As per this curriculum strategies the aim of education is making the student capable of succeeds in his further education, future life and work. Skillbeck model of

Shoehorn Sonata Speech + Related Text Essay Example for Free

Shoehorn Sonata Speech + Related Text Essay At age 15, you are thrown into a war, fighting for your life and your will to live is slowly diminishing. Are you scared? Probably, but you know that if you show fear, everyone will see you as being weak. This is what the main protagonists of both the play, Shoe Horn Sonata by John Mistro and the movie, Hunger Games directed by Gary Ross endured. Together with photographs, cinematic techniques and symbols, these texts represent the devastation of war, the bonds of friendship forged during a war and their respective will to survive. Friendship is defined as a relationship between friends. In Shoe Horn Sonata, when Sheila and Bridie first meet, it seems unlikely that they will ever be friends. They are complete polar opposites. Sheila cynical statement ‘People always get on when they’re tossed in together. I’d hardly call that friendship. ’, reinforces that Bridie and Sheila initially formed a friendship out of desperation to survive, not because there was mutual affection for each other. Bitter tone is utilised to convey Shelia’s survival instincts are prioritised over tender friendship. Additionally the alliteration of tossed in together reflects how people in war have no choice of their companions, that it pushes them together in survival. Similarly in the Hunger Games , the friendships that Katniss makes with both Rue and are forged out of necessity and need rather than sentiment. Rue and Katniss team up as they both have valuable skills assets that the other would like to utilise to their advantage such as when Rue manages to take a weapon unnoticed using the trees. In many ways, an alliance with Rue is an alliance to District 11 which Katniss can use to her benefit. Peter and Katniss act as if they are lovers in a ploy for the audience as a means to survive as seen when Katniss receives a note from Haymitch asking ‘You call that a kiss? ’. The sarcastic tone makes Katniss realise that the ploy will be futile as if Haymitch is doubtful then others will be too. Both texts show that although they may not have been friends in normal circumstances, war has pushed them together and this has attributed to them surviving. Symbols are also used in both texts to represent the protagonists’ hope and survival. For example, the shoehorn in Shoe Horn Sonata is first seen when the girls are in the water and Bridie uses it to wake Sheila up and prevent her from drowning. In this scene, it a metaphorical and representative an object of survival and the will to live. As the play goes on, the shoehorn symbolises family for Bridie and sacrifice for Sheila but in the end it unites the girls and demonstrates that not only did they survive the war, they survived the effects of the war as well. Caramel is another symbol of survival. It was the only luxury the girls had during the camp and ‘it had to last till the end of the war’. The caramel was even important enough that it was written into the girls’ wills. This conveys to the audience that the girls clung to the hope that they would eventually be released from the prison camp. On the other hand, in Hunger Games, the mockingbird pin was not only Katniss’s link to her district, but a symbol of her love for her father as well as her survival. The pin is a representation of a creature with a spirit of her own. By breaking free of the Capitol’s control this show that the Capitol does not have complete control of the districts. Katniss, like the mockingjay, has escaped from the Capitol’s clutches which is why the pin symbolises her survival and spirit. The photographs shown during interview in Shoe Horn Sonata support the dialogue and give the audience a visual representation of what the girls went through during the camp. In scene 7, you see visuals of what the prisoners looked like during the camp. They are emaciated, haggard and impoverish. The effects of the imprisonment of the innocent is clearly highlighted during these photographs. The stark black and white photos depicting the harrowing effects of mistreatment of innocents evokes sympathy towards the prisoners from the viewer and loathing for their captors. In contrast, within the Hunger Games, the film is seen as whirs and jolts with sharply edited scenes intercutting from perspective to perspective which represents Katniss’s inner turmoil and her agitation which accompanies those new changes. Her life is unpredictable and this is shown as the camera shakes around representing the sudden changes in her life and well as extreme long shots used to give the audience a general impression of the places she goes. Little detail can be seen in these scenes which corresponds to the insignificance of these places to Katniss. The audience witnesses the consequences of these changes but to everyone else, they are unable to see this because of the defensive stoic mask she wears. In conclusion, the protagonists in Shoe Horn Sonata and the Hunger Games have survived horrors unimaginable to us and through distinctively visual techniques such as , photographs, cinematic techniques and symbols, we are able to grasp a small idea of what they have endured on their journey. Therefore, thus despite common circumstances being the catalyst for friendship in times of war, strife and horror they are able to triumph over their circumstances because of the sustenance that this unexpected friendship provides them.

Olmstead V. United States (1928) Essay -- essays research papers

Olmstead v. United States (1928) Opinion delivered by Chief Justice Taft Vote: 5-4 Case reached Supreme Court by writ of certiorari. Facts: The evidence in the records discloses a conspiracy of amazing magnitude to import, possess, and sell liquor unlawfully. Involved were not less than fifty employees, two sea-going vessels for transportation of the goods to British Columbia, a ranch beyond the city limits of Seattle with a large underground cache to store the liquor, and many other caches around the area of Seattle, a maintained city office with executives, secretaries, salesmen, deliverymen, dispatchers, bookkeepers, collectors, scouts, and an attorney. Olmstead was the leading conspirator and manager of the business. His invested capital brought him 50 percent of the total income of the company (said to be over 2 million/year), and the other 50 percent went to 11 other investors. In the main office building there were three different telephones with separate lines for each. Telephone communication was made throughout the city, the homes of the investors, customers, Vancouver, to and from the office building and ranch. Times were fixed for the delivery of the "stuff" to places along the Puget Sound and from there was transported to the various caches. The information leading to the arrests was made primarily by four Federal prohibition officers. The officers placed sma...

Pestal Analysis of Airline Industry in India Essay

Economics Project Submitted To : suhana malik Submitted By :raJbeer kaur Enrollment no. :m 8023863880 Class Roll NO : 62 Course : MBA Company Chosen: British Airways Existing Line of Business: Aviation New Market: Indian Aviation Industry British Airways Future Indian Plans: British Airways global CEO Willie Walsh finds India to be one of the fastest growing aviation markets in the world. Walsh, who was in Mumbai on September 3rd, 2010 to announce a code-share agreement with Kingfisher Airlines, says that despite the airline facing mounting competition from other international carriers operating in India, he is not worried as India has huge growth potential and each player can have a decent pie of the expanding market. On the flip side, he tells that though the future of the aviation industry is consolidation and many foreign carriers want to invest in India, Indian law does not permit them to do so. Mr. Willie Walsh said, â€Å"India is the second largest market for us after the US. In fact, after the recession, India was among the fastest regions to recover from the downfall. We are operating in and out of India for the past several decades and will continue to o so in a consolidated fashion. We have a huge customer base here and we still find growth opportunities in the region. Though I can’t divulge revenue details from India, I have always said that India will be one of the biggest aviation markets in the future and clearly, we want to have a very strong presence in this market. † PESTLE Analysis: The Indian Airline Industry Political Factors industry existing in the country. Like it or not, the political interference has to be present everywhere. Given below are a few of the political factors with respect to the airline industry: The airline industry is very susceptible to changes in the political environment as it has a great bearing on the travel habits of its customers. An unstable political environment causes uncertainty in the minds of the air travellers, regarding travelling to a particular country. Overall India’s recent political environment has been largely unstable due to international events & continued tension with Pakistan. The Gujarat riots & the government’s inability to control the situation have also led to an increase in the instability of the political arena. The most significant political event however has been September 1 1 . The events occurring on September had special significance for the airline industry since airplanes were involved. The immediate results were a huge drop in air traffic due to safety & security concerns of the people. International airlines are greatly affected by trade relations that their country has with others. Unless governments of the two countries trade with each other, there could be restrictions of flying into particular area leading to a loss of potential air traffic (e. . Pakistan & India) Another aspect is that in countries with high corruption levels like India, bribes have o be paid for every permit & license required. Therefore constant liasoning with the minister & other government official is necessary. The state owned airlines suffer the maximum from this problem. These airlines have to make several special considerations with respect to selection of routes, free seats to ministers, etc which a pr ivately owned airline need not do. The state owned airlines also suffers from archaic laws applying only to them such as the retirement age of the pursers & hostesses, the labour regulations which make the management less flexible in taking ecision due to the presence of a strong union, & the heavy control &interference of the government. This affects the quality of the service delivery & therefore these airlines have to think of innovative service marketing ideas to circumvent their problems & compete with the private operators. Economic Factors Business cycles have a wide reaching impact on the airline industry. During recession, airline is considered a luxury & therefore spending on air travel is cut which leads to reduce prices. During prosperity phase people indulge themselves in travel & prices increase. After the September 11 incidents, the world economy plunged into global recession due to the depressed sentiment of consumers. In India, even a company like Citibank given first class railway tickets instead of plane tickets. The loss of income for airlines led to higher operational costs not only due to low demand but also due to higher insurance costs, which increased after the WTC bombing. This prompted the industry to lay off employees, which further fuelled the recession as spending decreased due to the rise in unemployment. Even the SARS outbreak in the Far East was a major cause for slump in the airline industry. Even the Indian carriers like Air India was deeply affected as many flights were cancelled due to internal (employee relations) as well as external problems, which has been discussed later. Social Factors The changing travel habits of people have very wide implications for the airline industry. In a country like India, there are people from varied income groups. The airlines have to recognize these individuals and should serve them accordingly. Air India needs to focus on their clientele which are mostly low income clients & their habits in order to keep them satisfied. The destination, kind of food etc all has o be chosen carefully in accordance with the tastes of their major clientele. Especially, since India is a land of extremes there are people from various religions and castes and every individual travelling by the airline would expect customization to the greatest possible extent. For e. g. A Jain would be satisfied with the service only if he is served Jain food and it should be kept in mind that the customers next to him are also Jain or at least vegetarian. Another good example would be the case of South West Airlines which occupies a solid position in the minds of the US air travelers as a reliable and convenient, fun, ow fare, and no frills airline. The major element of its success was the augmented marketing mix which it used very effectively. What South West did was it made the environment inside the plane very consumer friendly. The crew neither has any uniform nor does it serve any lavish foods, which indirectly reduces the costs and makes the consumers feel comfortable. Technological Factors The increasing use of the Internet has provided many opportunities to airlines. For e. g. Air Sahara has introduced a service, through the internet wherein the unoccupied seats are auctioned one week prior to the departure. Air India also provides many internet based services to its customer such as online ticket booking, updated flight information & handling of customer complaints. USTDA (US trade & development association) is funding a feasibility study and workshops for the Airports Authority of India as part of a long-term effort to promote navigation, surveillance, and air traffic management systems for India’s aviation sector that will help the country meet the expected growth and demand for air passenger and cargo service over the next decade. A proposal for restructuring the existing airports at Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata through long-term lease to make them world class is under consideration. This will help in attracting investments in improving the infrastructure and services at these airports. Setting up of new international airports at Bangalore, Hyderabad and Goa with private sector participation is also envisaged. A good example of the impact of technology would be that of AAI, wherein with the help of technology it has converted its obsolete and unused hangars into profit centers. AAI is now leasing these hangars to international airlines and is earning huge profits out of it. AAI has also tried to utilize space that was previously wasted installing a lamination machine to laminate the luggage of travelers. This activity earns AAI a lot of revenue. These technological changes in the environment have an impact on Air India as well. Better airport infrastructure, means better handling of airplanes, which can help reduce maintenance cost. It also facilitates more flights to such destinations. Legal Factors Prior to 1953, there were 9 private airlines in operation with too many surplus aircraft and the airline industry was sick. There was no competitive environment in the onopolized aviation market.

Sweet Dreams Incorporated Case Study - 1407 Words

Introduction Sweet Dreams Incorporated (SDI) utilizes two manufacturing plants both in North Carolina and South Florida to produce mattresses and box springs. SDI has encountered financial difficulty since the beginning of the 1990s that has been prolonged due to the ineffective strategies they have implemented. As the problem prolongs, the company is faced with potentially being forced to file for bankruptcy as it’s current, quick, and debt ratios, all have failed to meet the contractual limits of the agreement between SDI and First International Bank (Sweet Dreams, Inc., 1997). Furthermore, SDI has recently signed a contract for a plant expansion that would require an additional $9,500,000 of capital that is regarded as essential for the†¦show more content†¦Lax Credit Standards: In an effort to remedy such disproportion between inventory and demand, in 1995 SDI began to negligently issue credit lines. As exemplified by Table 2, due to such leniency net sales continued to increase between 1995 and 1997 (Appendix A). However, as illustrated by Table 1 the relaxed credit standards caused a 39% spike in accounts receivable from 1994 to 1995 (Appendix A). Consequently, the increase in inventory and accounts receivable negatively impacted the current ratio of the firm. As a result, the firm’s liquidity dropped significantly below industry average in 1995 to 1.90 from 2.96, well above the 2.25 average, in 1994 (Appendix C). Therefore, the cash flow of the firm was negatively affected by the issuance of credit as accounts receivable continued to rise. Loan Reliance: As inventories and account receivable steadily increased, the firm distressingly opted for a short-term solution. By means of long-term lending in 1994 and higher short-term credit in 1994 and 1995, SDI chose to temporarily resolve the current issues of the firm without considering the potential long-term ramifications. As illustrated in Table 1, long-term loans remained the same while short-term bank loans increased by 71% between 1994 and 1995; a drastic change within a short span of time (Appendix A). Similarly, as depicted in Table 2, the interest on the firm’s short-term loans rose from 1994 to 1995Show MoreRelatedSweet Dreams Incorporated Case Study1268 Words   |  6 PagesSweet Dreams Incorporated (SDI) utilizes two manufacturing plants both in North Carolina and South Florida to produce mattresses and box springs. SDI has encountered financial difficulty since the beginning of the 1990s that has been prolonged due to the ineffective strategies they have implemented. As the problem prolongs, the company is faced with potentially being forced to file for bankruptcy as it’s current, quick, and debt ratios, all have failed to meet the contractual limits of the agreementRead MoreFinancial Analysis and Forecast of Sweet Dreams Inc2212 Words   |  9 PagesDreams M.I.A. 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I also declare that no content of this project, in whole or in part is lifted and incorporated in this report from any earlier / other work done by me or others. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The completion of this project gives me an opportunity to convey our regards to all those who helped me to